|
Computer-Assisted Facial Image
Identification System
Mineo Yoshino, Hideaki Matsuda, Satoshi Kubota,
Kazuhiko Imaizumi,
and Sachio Miyasaka
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Table 1. |
Anthropometrical
Data for the 3D and 2D
Facial Images in Figure 4 |
Anthropometric
points |
Reference
numbers |
Distance
(mm) |
Anthropometric
points |
Reference
numbers |
Angle (degree) |
|
3D |
2D |
3D |
2D |
|
al-al |
5-6 |
38.4 |
38.4 |
al-sto-al |
5-8-6 |
63.0 |
62.9 |
|
ch-ch |
9-10 |
39.1 |
38.5 |
al-gn-al |
5-15-6 |
28.7 |
28.3 |
|
sn-gn |
7-15 |
67.0 |
66.5 |
ch-sn-ch |
9-7-10 |
73.9 |
77.7 |
|
sto-gn |
8-15 |
45.3 |
45.7 |
ch-gn-ch |
9-15-10 |
48.1 |
46.2 |
|
go-sba |
13-17 |
151.7 |
149.1 |
go-gn-sba |
13-15-17 |
90.1 |
88.2 |
al = alare; sto = stomion; ch
= cheilion; gn = gnathion; sn = subnasale; go = gonion; and sba
= subaurale.
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|
Table 2. |
Reciprocal Point-to-Point
Difference Between the
3D and 2D Facial Images in Figure 6 |
Anthropometric
point |
Reference
number |
Distance
(mm) |
Anthropometric
point |
Reference
number |
Distance
(mm) |
|
r-en |
1 |
2.0 |
r-ch |
9 |
0.9 |
|
l-en |
2 |
0.9 |
l-ch |
10 |
1.3 |
|
r-ex |
3 |
3.2 |
r-zy |
11 |
2.5 |
|
l-ex |
4 |
1.4 |
r-go |
13 |
0.6 |
|
r-al |
5 |
1.4 |
gn |
15 |
1.8 |
|
l-al |
6 |
1.8 |
l-sa |
16 |
3.8 |
|
sn |
7* |
0 |
l-sba |
17 |
3.4 |
|
sto |
8 |
2.0 |
l-t |
18 |
3.6 |
Mean = 1.9; SD = 1.1;
Min = 0; and Max = 3.8. r-en = right entocanthion;
r-ch = right cheilion; l-en = left entocanthion; l-ch = left
cheilion; r-ex = right ectocanthion; r-zy = right zygion; l-ex
= left ectocanthion; r-go = right gonion; r-al = right alare;
gn = gnathion; l-al = left alare; l-sa = left superaurale; sn
= subnasale; l-sba = left subaurale; sto = stomion; l-t = left
tragion. * = standard. |
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|
Table 3. |
Descriptive Statistics for
the Average Distance of the
Reciprocal Points Between the 3D and 2D
Facial Images of the Same Person (N = 25) |
E |
n |
Mean |
SD |
Distance (mm) |
E |
n |
Mean |
SD |
Distance
(mm) |
|
Min |
Max |
Min |
Max |
|
1 |
10 |
2.0 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
2.6 |
14 |
10 |
2.4 |
0.2 |
2.0 |
2.8 |
|
2 |
10 |
2.1 |
0.3 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
15 |
10 |
2.6 |
0.2 |
2.3 |
2.8 |
|
3 |
10 |
2.5 |
0.2 |
2.2 |
3.0 |
16 |
10 |
2.3 |
0.3 |
1.8 |
2.7 |
|
4 |
10 |
2.4 |
0.3 |
2.4 |
3.0 |
17 |
10 |
2.5 |
0.2 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
|
5 |
10 |
2.6 |
0.3 |
1.9 |
3.0 |
18 |
10 |
2.2 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
2.6 |
|
6 |
10 |
2.2 |
0.2 |
2.0 |
2.6 |
19 |
10 |
2.5 |
0.3 |
1.9 |
3.0 |
|
7 |
10 |
2.1 |
0.3 |
1.7 |
2.8 |
20 |
10 |
2.6 |
0.3 |
2.2 |
3.1 |
|
8 |
10 |
2.6 |
0.3 |
2.3 |
3.3 |
21 |
10 |
2.2 |
0.2 |
1.9 |
2.4 |
|
9 |
10 |
2.3 |
0.2 |
1.8 |
2.6 |
22 |
10 |
2.1 |
0.2 |
1.8 |
2.5 |
|
10 |
10 |
2.1 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
2.4 |
23 |
10 |
2.4 |
0.2 |
1.9 |
2.7 |
|
11 |
10 |
2.7 |
0.2 |
2.2 |
3.0 |
24 |
10 |
2.4 |
0.3 |
2.0 |
2.8 |
|
12 |
10 |
2.3 |
0.5 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
25 |
10 |
1.9 |
0.3 |
1.4 |
2.3 |
|
13 |
10 |
2.5 |
0.5 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
E = examinee.
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|
Table 4. |
Descriptive Statistics for
the Average Distance of the
Reciprocal Points Between the 3D and 2D
Facial Images in the Same and Different Persons |
Superimposition
Image |
n |
Mean |
SD |
Distance (mm) |
|
Min |
Max |
|
Same person |
250 |
2.3 |
0.4 |
1.4 |
3.3 |
|
Different person |
600 |
4.7 |
1.0 |
2.6 |
7.0 |
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Table 5. |
Assessment of the Propriety
of the Threshold for
Identifying the 2D and 3D Facial Images
(Target: Examinee 2) |
Examinee |
Average
distance |
Examinee |
Average
distance |
|
1 |
3.6 |
14 |
5.8 |
|
2 |
2.2 |
15 |
4.5 |
|
3 |
4.1 |
16 |
4.3 |
|
4 |
4.6 |
17 |
4.6 |
|
5 |
3.1 |
18 |
3.7 |
|
6 |
3.6 |
19 |
3.0 |
|
7 |
4.2 |
20 |
3.6 |
|
8 |
5.0 |
21 |
4.3 |
|
9 |
5.8 |
22 |
3.6 |
|
10 |
4.0 |
23 |
4.3 |
|
11 |
4.2 |
24 |
4.5 |
|
12 |
4.1 |
25 |
3.9 |
|
13 |
4.1 |
|
|
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